In and Within:
When referring to time, in denotes the close of a period, within denotes a time less than the close of the period.
e.g.
1 I shall return in a year’s time. (After a year)
2. I shall return within a year. (Before a year has passed)
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In, Into.
In denotes position or rest, into shows motion,
e.g.
2. He ran into the room in which his mother was.
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For and Before.
In a negative (no) sentence for is used for a period time, and before for a point of time, thus:
1. She will not be here for an hour yet.
2. She will not be here before five o’clock.
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Since is used for a point of time, with the Present Prefect Tense, From can be used in any Tense, e.g.
1. She has been ill since Monday.
2. We have lived here since the last war.
3. She was ill from Monday to Friday.
4. He starts (will start) work from tomorrow.
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Between is generally for two; Among for more than two.
e.g.
1. The money was divided between the two boys.
2. The sweets were divided among the ten children.
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By, With.
By is generally used for the person.
With is used for the instrument.
1. He was killed with a knife by his enemy.
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Beside, Besides
Beside means “by the side of”, e.g..
He sat beside his wife.
Besides means “in addition”, e.g.
There are others here besides you.
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At, in. At refers to a point of time; In to a larger space of time.
1. He cam at 8 o’clock in the morning.
2. Similarly, for a small place we use “at”, e.g.
He lives at Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia.
The university is at Petaling Jaya in Kuala Lumpur.
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With
1. I had a talk with him.
2. She is a girl with blue eyes.
3. He filled the box with sand.
4. I did it with his help.
5. He lives with his uncle.
6. She went to the town with her friend.
7. He killed the snake with a stick.
8. Don’t fight with him.
9. They were shaking with cold.
10. Her face was wet with tears.
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To
1. (motion towards). they walked to the town.
2. (time). He was punctual to the minute.
3. If fell to the ground.
4. He pointed to the hill.
5. He is slow to anger.
6. To whom did you give it?
7. Read it from beginning to end.
8. We were wet to the skin.
9. I prefer reading to writing.
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